1915, Capitulations and public debt

 

 

• The Constantinople Agreement on 18 March 1915 was a set of secret agreement that the Great Britain promised to give the capital and Dardanelles to the Russians because of their victory over the war.

• British force invalidated Anglo-Ottoman Convention.

• 10 September 1915 was an important date for Ottoman Economy because when the Capitulation were first published, the foreign supposed to benefit the empire.

• Capitulation are the contracts between the Ottoman empire and the Europe. They said that the privilege were based on religion. The Muslim business was challenged against non-Muslim in the exchanges as the market were not free.

• Foreigner secured many privilege. As a result, almost all of the business in the country was in hands of non-Ottoman citizens-Jews, Italian, French.

• The Ottoman empire were poor and education never improved.

• The empire noticed the capitulations as a reason for corruption.

• The citizen of any great powers were excluded in paying income taxes, in which the Turk had to.

• On 10 September 1915, Talat Pasha ended ‘Capitulation’.

• Henry Morgenthau, Sr. said that the Capitulation didn’t cause any benefit over the empire. Beside the Capitulation, the dept and the financial control were there other issue.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1916, the agreement

 

 

• The French-American agreement of October 27, 1916, was reported to the interior minister Talat Pasha. It was a military and political agreement regarding the support of Armenian on the side of the allies in the world war I.